Functional Hallux Limitus is a hypothetical problem that, like bunions, affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint. It is hypothetical as there is some controversy about it. Functional hallux limitus is defined as a condition in when the first metatarsophalangeal joint has a full normal range of motion during non-weightbearing, but during the weightbearing gait the joint just does not seem to want to bend. As a results there are some compensations, such as “overpronation”, elsewhere in the foot that can result in symptoms.
There are a number of different pathomechanical entities that can cause functional hallux limitus. Most of these exert there effect by preventing plantarflexion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint
If it is present then the standard approach to treatment is to use foot orthotic designs that facilitate motion of the joint by allowing plantarflexion of the foot.